On October 8, 2026, DHS published a proposed rule that would add a fee of $70,000 for a student’s initial OPT. It is only a proposal, and we explained it in our earlier post. Even so, some F-1 students and prospective students are now comparing U.S. study with study in Canada. This post covers what IRCC says about study permits and the work permit available after graduation.
Study Permits Are Limited
Canada plans a set number of new students each year. IRCC’s 2026 to 2028 levels plan sets student arrivals at 155,000 for 2026 and 150,000 for each of the next two years. An acceptance letter from a school does not guarantee a study permit, and the school must be a designated learning institution.
The Post-Graduation Work Permit
Graduates of eligible programs may qualify for a Post-Graduation Work Permit, or PGWP. The program must last at least eight months. For programs of two years or more, the permit can be valid for up to three years. Shorter programs generally receive a permit matching the program length, and master’s graduates can receive up to three years if the program was at least eight months. University graduates must show CLB 7 in all four language abilities. Graduates of college and other non-university programs need CLB 5 and must have studied in an eligible field. Bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral graduates have no field of study requirement. IRCC lists the full conditions on its PGWP eligibility page.
Comparing the Two Countries
A PGWP is not a green card, and it does not lead automatically to permanent residence. Graduates who want to stay usually move on to a program such as Express Entry, which has its own requirements. The proposed OPT fee could also change before it becomes final, or never take effect. Compare both countries’ rules for your degree level, field, and timeline, and speak with a U.S. and a Canadian attorney before you decide.
Is the OPT fee in effect now?
No. It is a proposed rule open for public comment, and nothing changes unless DHS issues a final rule.
How long can a PGWP last?
Up to three years, depending on the length of the program. A program of at least eight months can qualify, and the permit duration follows the program length up to that limit.
Do I need to speak English or French to get a PGWP?
Yes. University graduates need CLB 7 in all four abilities, and graduates of other programs need CLB 5.
Does a PGWP lead to permanent residence?
Not by itself. Many graduates apply for permanent residence later, for example through Express Entry, once they meet the requirements.
If you or your family members have questions about how this or other immigration and nationality matters may affect you, please do not hesitate to contact the immigration and nationality lawyers at NPZ Law Group. You can reach us by emailing info@visaserve.com or by visiting our website at www.visaserve.com for more information.